What does "nitrox" refer to in diving?

"nitrox" specifically refers to a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen used for diving, which typically has a higher oxygen content than regular air. This mixture is advantageous because it allows divers to increase the percentage of oxygen in their breathing gas while reducing the percentage of nitrogen. This adjustment is important because it can lead to a reduction in the risks associated with nitrogen narcosis and decompression sickness, especially on deeper dives.

Using nitrox can improve a diver's bottom time because it allows for longer dives at the same depth compared to air, which is composed of about 21% oxygen and 79% nitrogen. By increasing the oxygen content, divers benefit from better buoyancy control and increased safety margins, making it a popular choice for recreational and technical diving.

Understanding nitrox and its benefits is essential for divers, as proper training and knowledge about the specific mixtures and their implications for dive planning and overall safety are crucial for effective diving practices.